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Java学生信息管理系统：简单与详细的实现

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11月20日 发表在 Java 编程语言 阅读 21 评论 0 | 免费使用 “AI大模型GPT4.0” 提问

Java学生信息管理系统可以用于管理学生的信息，如学生的姓名、学号、课程等。下面我将提供一个简单版本以及一个详细版本的实现方案。

简单实现

功能: 添加学生、查看所有学生信息、根据学号删除学生。

  1. import java.util.ArrayList;  
  2. import java.util.Scanner;  
  3. class Student {  
  4.     private String name;  
  5.     private String id;  
  6.     public Student(String name, String id) {  
  7.         this.name = name;  
  8.         this.id = id;  
  9.     }  
  10.     public String getName() {  
  11.         return name;  
  12.     }  
  13.     public String getId() {  
  14.         return id;  
  15.     }  
  16.     @Override  
  17.     public String toString() {  
  18.         return "Student ID: " + id + ", Name: " + name;  
  19.     }  
  20. }  
  21. public class StudentManagementSystem {  
  22.     private ArrayList<Student> students = new ArrayList<>();  
  23.     private Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);  
  24.     public static void main(String[] args) {  
  25.         new StudentManagementSystem().run();  
  26.     }  
  27.     private void run() {  
  28.         while (true) {  
  29.             System.out.println("\n1. Add Student");  
  30.             System.out.println("2. View Students");  
  31.             System.out.println("3. Delete Student");  
  32.             System.out.println("4. Exit");  
  33.             System.out.print("Choose an option: ");  
  34.             int choice = scanner.nextInt();  
  35.             scanner.nextLine();  // Consume newline  
  36.             switch (choice) {  
  37.                 case 1:  
  38.                     addStudent();  
  39.                     break;  
  40.                 case 2:  
  41.                     viewStudents();  
  42.                     break;  
  43.                 case 3:  
  44.                     deleteStudent();  
  45.                     break;  
  46.                 case 4:  
  47.                     System.out.println("Exiting...");  
  48.                     return;  
  49.                 default:  
  50.                     System.out.println("Invalid choice. Try again.");  
  51.             }  
  52.         }  
  53.     }  
  54.     private void addStudent() {  
  55.         System.out.print("Enter Student Name: ");  
  56.         String name = scanner.nextLine();  
  57.         System.out.print("Enter Student ID: ");  
  58.         String id = scanner.nextLine();  
  59.         students.add(new Student(name, id));  
  60.         System.out.println("Student added successfully.");  
  61.     }  
  62.     private void viewStudents() {  
  63.         if (students.isEmpty()) {  
  64.             System.out.println("No students found.");  
  65.             return;  
  66.         }  
  67.         for (Student student : students) {  
  68.             System.out.println(student);  
  69.         }  
  70.     }  
  71.     private void deleteStudent() {  
  72.         System.out.print("Enter Student ID to delete: ");  
  73.         String id = scanner.nextLine();  
  74.         students.removeIf(student -> student.getId().equals(id));  
  75.         System.out.println("Student deleted if existed.");  
  76.     }  
  77. }

详细实现

功能: 在简单版本基础上增加更新学生信息、查找学生，以及持久化数据到文件中。

  1. import java.util.ArrayList;  
  2. import java.util.Scanner;  
  3. import java.io.*;  
  4. class Student {  
  5.     private String name;  
  6.     private String id;  
  7.     private String course;  
  8.     public Student(String name, String id, String course) {  
  9.         this.name = name;  
  10.         this.id = id;  
  11.         this.course = course;  
  12.     }  
  13.     public String getName() {  
  14.         return name;  
  15.     }  
  16.     public String getId() {  
  17.         return id;  
  18.     }  
  19.     public String getCourse() {  
  20.         return course;  
  21.     }  
  22.     public void setName(String name) {  
  23.         this.name = name;  
  24.     }  
  25.     public void setCourse(String course) {  
  26.         this.course = course;  
  27.     }  
  28.     @Override  
  29.     public String toString() {  
  30.         return "Student ID: " + id + ", Name: " + name + ", Course: " + course;  
  31.     }  
  32. }  
  33. public class StudentManagementSystem {  
  34.     private ArrayList<Student> students = new ArrayList<>();  
  35.     private Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);  
  36.     private static final String FILE_PATH = "students.txt";  
  37.     public static void main(String[] args) {  
  38.         new StudentManagementSystem().run();  
  39.     }  
  40.     private void run() {  
  41.         loadStudents();  
  42.         while (true) {  
  43.             System.out.println("\n1. Add Student");  
  44.             System.out.println("2. View Students");  
  45.             System.out.println("3. Delete Student");  
  46.             System.out.println("4. Update Student");  
  47.             System.out.println("5. Find Student");  
  48.             System.out.println("6. Exit");  
  49.             System.out.print("Choose an option: ");  
  50.             int choice = scanner.nextInt();  
  51.             scanner.nextLine();  // Consume newline  
  52.             switch (choice) {  
  53.                 case 1:  
  54.                     addStudent();  
  55.                     break;  
  56.                 case 2:  
  57.                     viewStudents();  
  58.                     break;  
  59.                 case 3:  
  60.                     deleteStudent();  
  61.                     break;  
  62.                 case 4:  
  63.                     updateStudent();  
  64.                     break;  
  65.                 case 5:  
  66.                     findStudent();  
  67.                     break;  
  68.                 case 6:  
  69.                     saveStudents();  
  70.                     System.out.println("Exiting...");  
  71.                     return;  
  72.                 default:  
  73.                     System.out.println("Invalid choice. Try again.");  
  74.             }  
  75.         }  
  76.     }  
  77.     private void addStudent() {  
  78.         System.out.print("Enter Student Name: ");  
  79.         String name = scanner.nextLine();  
  80.         System.out.print("Enter Student ID: ");  
  81.         String id = scanner.nextLine();  
  82.         System.out.print("Enter Course: ");  
  83.         String course = scanner.nextLine();  
  84.         students.add(new Student(name, id, course));  
  85.         System.out.println("Student added successfully.");  
  86.     }  
  87.     private void viewStudents() {  
  88.         if (students.isEmpty()) {  
  89.             System.out.println("No students found.");  
  90.             return;  
  91.         }  
  92.         for (Student student : students) {  
  93.             System.out.println(student);  
  94.         }  
  95.     }  
  96.     private void deleteStudent() {  
  97.         System.out.print("Enter Student ID to delete: ");  
  98.         String id = scanner.nextLine();  
  99.         students.removeIf(student -> student.getId().equals(id));  
  100.         System.out.println("Student deleted if existed.");  
  101.     }  
  102.     private void updateStudent() {  
  103.         System.out.print("Enter Student ID to update: ");  
  104.         String id = scanner.nextLine();  
  105.         for (Student student : students) {  
  106.             if (student.getId().equals(id)) {  
  107.                 System.out.print("Enter new name: ");  
  108.                 String newName = scanner.nextLine();  
  109.                 System.out.print("Enter new course: ");  
  110.                 String newCourse = scanner.nextLine();  
  111.                 student.setName(newName);  
  112.                 student.setCourse(newCourse);  
  113.                 System.out.println("Student updated.");  
  114.                 return;  
  115.             }  
  116.         }  
  117.         System.out.println("Student not found.");  
  118.     }  
  119.     private void findStudent() {  
  120.         System.out.print("Enter Student ID to find: ");  
  121.         String id = scanner.nextLine();  
  122.         for (Student student : students) {  
  123.             if (student.getId().equals(id)) {  
  124.                 System.out.println(student);  
  125.                 return;  
  126.             }  
  127.         }  
  128.         System.out.println("Student not found.");  
  129.     }  
  130.     private void loadStudents() {  
  131.         try (BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(FILE_PATH))) {  
  132.             String line;  
  133.             while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {  
  134.                 String[] parts = line.split(",");  
  135.                 if (parts.length == 3) {  
  136.                     students.add(new Student(parts[0], parts[1], parts[2]));  
  137.                 }  
  138.             }  
  139.         } catch (IOException e) {  
  140.             System.out.println("Error loading students: " + e.getMessage());  
  141.         }  
  142.     }  
  143.     private void saveStudents() {  
  144.         try (PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter(FILE_PATH))) {  
  145.             for (Student student : students) {  
  146.                 pw.println(student.getName() + "," + student.getId() + "," + student.getCourse());  
  147.             }  
  148.         } catch (IOException e) {  
  149.             System.out.println("Error saving students: " + e.getMessage());  
  150.         }  
  151.     }  
  152. }

说明

  • 简单实现适合初学者和缺少复杂功能的管理系统，提供最基本的CRUD操作。
  • 详细实现增加了学生信息更新、查找功能，并使用文件存储学生信息，以便程序关闭后数据不丢失。
  • 可以根据需求扩展功能，例如实现图形界面、加入异常处理、使用数据库来代替文件存储等。
    遇到难题？ "AI大模型GPT4.0、GPT" 是你的私人解答专家！ 点击按钮去提问......
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