通过Python发送电子邮件可以使用多种方法，每种方法都有其优点和适用场景。以下是几种常见的方法：

1. 使用 smtplib 模块

smtplib 是Python内置的一个模块，用于发送电子邮件。使用时需要连接到一个SMTP服务器。

import smtplib  
from email.mime.text import MIMEText  
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart  
def send_email_smtplib(subject, body, to_email):  
    from_email = "your_email@example.com"  
    password = "your_password"  
    # Create the email  
    msg = MIMEMultipart()  
    msg['From'] = from_email  
    msg['To'] = to_email  
    msg['Subject'] = subject  
    msg.attach(MIMEText(body, 'plain'))  
    try:  
        # Connect to the server  
        server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.example.com', 587)  # Use the correct SMTP server and port  
        server.starttls()  
        server.login(from_email, password)  
        server.sendmail(from_email, to_email, msg.as_string())  
        server.quit()  
        print("Email sent successfully!")  
    except Exception as e:  
        print(f"Failed to send email: {e}")  
# Usage example  
send_email_smtplib("Test Subject", "Email body content.", "recipient@example.com")  

2. 使用第三方库 yagmail

yagmail 是一个用于简化邮件发送的第三方模块，它封装了 smtplib，并提供了相对简单的接口。

pip install yagmail  

import yagmail  
def send_email_yagmail(subject, body, to_email):  
    yag = yagmail.SMTP("your_email@example.com", "your_password")  
    try:  
        yag.send(  
            to=to_email,  
            subject=subject,  
            contents=body  
        )  
        print("Email sent successfully!")  
    except Exception as e:  
        print(f"Failed to send email: {e}")  
# Usage example  
send_email_yagmail("Test Subject", "Email body content.", "recipient@example.com")  

3. 使用 email 和 smtplib 结合

Python的email模块可以创建复杂的邮件类型，包括附件、HTML、图片等，并结合smtplib来发送邮件。

import smtplib  
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart  
from email.mime.text import MIMEText  
def send_html_email(subject, html_content, to_email):  
    from_email = "your_email@example.com"  
    password = "your_password"  
    msg = MIMEMultipart('alternative')  
    msg['From'] = from_email  
    msg['To'] = to_email  
    msg['Subject'] = subject  
    # Attach the HTML content  
    part = MIMEText(html_content, 'html')  
    msg.attach(part)  
    try:  
        server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.example.com', 587)  
        server.starttls()  
        server.login(from_email, password)  
        server.sendmail(from_email, to_email, msg.as_string())  
        server.quit()  
        print("HTML email sent successfully!")  
    except Exception as e:  
        print(f"Failed to send email: {e}")  
# Usage example  
html = "<h1>This is an HTML email</h1>"  
send_html_email("HTML Test Subject", html, "recipient@example.com")  

4. 使用 sendgrid

如需发送大量邮件或需要利用APIs等功能，可以考虑使用邮件服务提供商，比如SendGrid。这种服务通常更可靠并提供丰富的功能。

pip install sendgrid  

from sendgrid import SendGridAPIClient  
from sendgrid.helpers.mail import Mail  
def send_email_sendgrid(subject, body, to_email):  
    sg = SendGridAPIClient('SENDGRID_API_KEY')  
    from_email = 'your_email@example.com'  
    message = Mail(  
        from_email=from_email,  
        to_emails=to_email,  
        subject=subject,  
        plain_text_content=body)  
    try:  
        response = sg.send(message)  
        print(f"Email sent successfully! Status Code: {response.status_code}")  
    except Exception as e:  
        print(f"Failed to send email: {e}")  
# Usage example  
send_email_sendgrid("Test Subject", "This is a test email body.", "recipient@example.com")  

在选择使用哪种方法时，需要考虑邮件服务的安全性、发送频率、功能需求等因素。通常对于个人项目或简单需求，smtplib和yagmail是不错的选择，而对于企业级应用，使用像SendGrid这样的专业邮件服务会更合适。